基于动态递归神经网络的木材干燥模型辨识

木材干燥是一个复杂的非线性系统 ,由于木材结构复杂且具有多样性和变异性 ,因此要建立一个理想的符合木材干燥过程的模型是很困难。本文利用动态递归神经网络的特点 ,提出了基于动态递归神经网络的木材干燥模型辨识方法 ,给出了动态递归状态 -输出神经网络的结构和学习算法。并通过对辨识得到的模型的仿真结果 ,表明了本文所建立的模型是有效的     

不同树龄马占相思的木材密度与干燥性能

对广西产7、10和20年生马占相思的木材密度和干燥性能进行测定和比较.结果表明:马占相思木材气干密度属于国产木材的中等水平;木材密度随着树龄增加呈逐渐增大的趋势,并随着树干高度上升而呈现先增后减的现象.马占相思木材百度试验的干燥特性(前期开裂、内裂、截面变形、扭曲值和干燥速度)等级高达3级～4级,但随着树龄的增加,干燥特性有好转趋势,其等级可降低1级或2级.     

Effects of high temperature kiln drying on the practical performances of Japanese cedar wood (Cryptomeria japonica) I: changes in hygroscopicity due to heating

The effect of heating on the hygroscopicity of Japanese cedar wood was investigated as a simple evaluation of thermal degradation in large-dimension timber being kiln-dried at high temperatures (>100°C). Small wood pieces were heated at 120°C in the absence of moisture (dry heating) and steamed at 60°, 90°, and 120°C with saturated water vapor over 2 weeks, and their equilibrium moisture contents (M) at 20°C and 60% relative humidity (RH) were compared with those of unheated samples. No significant change was induced by steaming at 60°C, while heating above 90°C caused loss in weight (WL) and reduction in M of wood. The effects of steaming were greater than those of dry heating at the same heating temperature. After extraction in water, the steamed wood showed additional WL and slight increase in M because of the loss of water-soluble decomposition residue. The M of heated wood decreased with increasing WL, and such a correlation became clearer after the extraction in water. On the basis of experimental correlation, the WL of local parts in large-dimension kiln-dried timber was evaluated from their M values. The results indicated that the thermal degradation of inner parts was greater than that of outer parts.     

Changes of decay and termite durabilities of Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis) wood due to high-temperature kiln drying processes

We investigated the effects of high-temperature drying schedules (120°–130°C) on decay and termite feeding of Japanese larch timbers. Thermogravimetric analysis was conducted to investigate changes of the wood components. Decay and termite feeding tests showed that specimens dried under high-temperature schedules were susceptible against a decaying fungus Fomitopsis palustris and attacks from termites Coptotermes formosanus and Reticulitermes speratus. These drying schedules changed chemical components, which were suggested by the thermal analytical result compared to the control sample. The results of this study indicated that the acceleration of termite feeding takes place even under temperatures that are comparatively lower than that used in our previous research in which 170°C steaming treatment was applied to Japanese larch wood. Decay durability against a brown rot fungus also decreased, possibly from production of low molecular weight fragments when hemicellulose decreased during the high-temperature drying processes.     

对改进和完善常规木材干燥室设施的探讨

分析了我国当前木材干燥生产中常规干燥室存在的问题,探讨了干燥室的改进措施,提出了合理建议和意见。     

喷气式网带单板干燥机节能途径探讨

为了提高单板干燥过程中的能源利用效率,对单板干燥过程进行了分析并提出有效的节能措施与途径。提出利用单板干燥尾气余热回收系统,以减少尾气直接排入大气时的热量损失,对尾气余热回收利用;提出蒸汽梯级利用回收冷凝水的热量,达到对冷凝水余热回收利用的目的。     

香樟木屑真空热解蒸气催化前后产物对比分析(英文)

在两段式反应器上开展了对香樟木屑真空热解蒸气的在线催化提质研究。对比分析了催化前后各相产物产率和气体组成的变化,以及催化前后液相产物理化特性和化学组成。结果表明,催化后液相产物产率降低,但生物油出现分层,上层为油相,下层为水相。油相的H/C物质的量之比、pH值和高位热值(湿基)分别为1.712、4.93和37.15 MJ/kg;油相中烃类和轻质酚类等目标产物含量明显增加,而酸类、醛类和酮类等具有腐蚀性和不稳定性的化合物含量则显著降低,燃料品质较生物原油有显著提升;水相中仍含有少量腐蚀性和不稳定化合物,但其干基的高位热值达32.98 MJ/kg,除去水分后亦可将其用作替代燃料。热解蒸气中非目标产物在HZSM-5分子筛的活性位点上发生转化反应生成期望化合物,各类反应遵循碳正离子反应机理。     

不同干燥方法对苜蓿干草调制的影响

针对影响人工干燥苜蓿的水分、密度、摆放方式和人工辅助干燥方式4个因素进行人工鼓风干燥处理,设计L9(34)正交试验,监测高水分苜蓿草捆的湿度变化情况,比较不同处理营养物质、相对饲用价值和经济指标.对比分析结果可知:自然晾晒苜蓿干草时,营养物质损失严重;苜蓿高水分打捆后人工继续鼓风干燥处理有利于保存苜蓿干草的营养价值,其中水分为30％～35％、密度为120kg/m3、间隔20cm摆放、两台鼓风机每日鼓风干燥3h为最优组合,所得苜蓿草捆的品质较好.     

铁木豆干燥基准的初步研究

研究了铁木豆的干燥特性,根据干燥缺陷等级试验确定出了适合铁木豆的干燥基准,结果表明：铁木豆的主要干燥缺陷为初期开裂、截面变形,此外,铁木豆的初期开裂、截面变形、内部开裂、扭曲变形的等级分别为5、3、1、2级,铁木豆属于难干木材。     

AHP-熵权法结合Box Behnken响应面法优化当归微波真空干燥工艺研究

为探究当归微波真空干燥的最佳工艺参数,以甘肃定西“岷归1号”为试验材料。运用HPLC法测定不同干燥温度、切片厚度、真空度条件下当归中藁本内酯（LA）、阿魏酸（FA）、洋川芎内酯H（SH）、洋川芎内酯I（SI）、绿原酸（CA）、丁烯基苯酞（BA）、抗氧化性（DPPH）、总酚（TPC）、总黄酮（TFC）、多糖（Pc）的含量,利用AHP-熵权法计算各有效活性成分的复合权重和综合评分;以综合评分为响应值,通过Box Behnken响应面法进行优化设计,确定当归微波真空干燥的最佳工艺参数。结果表明：AHP-熵权法计算得出LA、FA、SH、SI、CA、BA、DPPH、TPC、TFC、Pc、RR的Qj值分别为0.159、0.192、0.120、0.288、0.033、0.063、0.059、0.041、0.024、0.013、0.009;Box Behnken响应面法得到的当归微波真空干燥的最优工艺条件为干燥温度50 ℃、切片厚度5 mm、真空度-0.070 MPa,此时综合评分为84.95分;此外,微观电镜结果也表明在此工艺条件下,样品质构热稳定性最好且内部出现均匀规则的蜂窝状孔隙结构。因此AHP-熵权法可用于当归微波真空干燥工艺中多目标的优化。